Antibacterial Activity of Different Organic Extracts of Achyranthes Aspera furthermore Cassia Alata

 Abstract

Separates in natural solvents (in particular methanol, ethanol, ethyl acetic acid derivation and chloroform) of two medicinal plants - Achyranthes aspera and Cassia alata were assessed for their antibacterial exercises against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Vibrio cholerae,

Salmonella typhi and Staphylococcus aureus. These were done by taking the natural concentrates of both the leaf and stem parts of the plants at a convergance of 5 mg/ml and their exercises were recorded by assessing zones of restraint as prepared by circle dispersion system on Mueller-Hinton agar media. While not the leaf or stem parts of A. aspera in any natural extractions demonstrated antibacterial action, the methanolic concentrates of both the leaf and stem parts of C. alata showed antibacterial movement, yet just to B. subtilis and S. typhi, and the comparing MIC qualities of the leaf concentrates were evaluated as 1.25 and 1.5 mg/ml separately. Be that as it may, the ethanolic concentrates of both the stem and leaf parts were discovered similarly compelling just to S. aureus (Mic= 1.25 mg/ml). The comparing MBC qualities are accounted for.

Watchwords: Achyranthes aspera; Cassia alata; Antibacterial.

1. Presentation

Nature has been a wellspring of medicinal executors for many years and an amazing number of cutting edge pills have been disconnected from characteristic sources [1]. Plants utilized for customary solution hold an extensive variety of substances that could be utilized to treat perpetual and in addition irresistible ailments. Clinical microbiologists have extraordinary enthusiasm toward screening of medicinal plants for antimicrobial exercises and phytochemicals as potential new therapeutics. The utilization of plant concentrate for medicinal medicines is getting a charge out of incredible fame since 1990s when individuals understood that the compelling life compass of anti-infection is restricted and over medicine and abuse of conventional anti-infection agents are bringing about microbial safety [2].

1 Corresponding creator: shakilamanjur@yahoo.com

394 Antibacterial Activity

Short Communication

The antimicrobial exercises of plant concentrates may dwell in a mixed bag of diverse segments, including aldehyde and phenolic mixes [3]. Regularly happening syntheses of these mixes might be synergistic and frequently brings about rough concentrates having more terrific antimicrobial movement than the filtered unique constituents [4]. In this work, we have chosen two plants, to be specific Achyranthes aspera (family Amaranthaceae; nearby name, apang) and Cassia alata (family Caesalpinaceae; neighborhood name, Dadmardan). A. aspera is dispersed all around the tropical and subtropical locales, including the Indian sub-mainland, Africa, Australia and America [5]. C. alata, normally known as Candlebrush, is a tropical bush having yellow blossoms and vast leaves whose juice is utilized as a cure for ringworm and toxic chomps [6]. Both of them are normally utilized as a part of Bangladesh as home grown pharmaceutical. This study was directed to address their antimicrobial exercises against some pathogenic microbes bringing about intense looseness of the bowels, nourishment harming and different maladies, when separated their leaf and stem parts in diverse natural solvents.

2. Materials and Methods

2.1. Microorganisms and development conditions

Five bacterial species were utilized as test organic entities which incorporate E. coli (ATCC 25922), Salmonella typhi (ATCC 27785), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 103207),

Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6623) and Vibrio cholerae (ATCC 9458). The microorganisms were kept up in Mueller-Hinton Agar (MH). Inocula were ready by including an overnight society of the creature in MH soup to get an Od600 0.1. The cells were permitted to develop until they acquire the Mcfarland standard 0.5 (more or less 108 CFU/ml). The suspension were then weakened 1:100 in MH soup to get 106 CFU/ml.

2.2. Test plants and their extraction

Cassia alata and Achyranthes aspera were gathered from the Chittagong locale of Bangladesh for the study. Both the leaf and stem parts of the plants were differentiated, washed with sterile water, dried at room temperature and afterward ground to powder utilizing a processor. 10 g of the powder is blended with 40 ml of chloroform in a 250-ml cone shaped carafe and was kept at 25ºc for 12 h. The suspension was sifted through a Whatman no. 4 channel paper and the filtrate was dissipated by vacuum dryer at 40ºc overnight to get the chloroform extricate. After chloroform extraction, a piece of the strong deposit was dried at 40ºc overnight to uproot remaining chloroform. The robust powder was resuspended in 40 ml ethyl acetic acid derivation and kept at 25ºc for 12 h. Ethyl acetic acid derivation concentrate was recuperated succeeding the same strategy as expressed for chloroform extricate. Essentially, methanol and ethanol concentrates were ready by applying the same system. At last, the concentrated powder was resuspended in the particular natural solvents at an amassing of 100 mg/ml before it was tried for the antibacterial action.

M. T. Alam et al. J. Sci. Res. 1 (2), 393-398 (2009)

395

2.3. Determination of antibacterial movement

Sterile circles (Oxoid) were doused independently with 50 µl of each of the natural concentrate ready in chloroform, ethyl acetic acid derivation, methanol and ethanol solvents, at an amassing of 100 mg/ml and after that dried. These circles were put on Mueller-Hinton agar plates, at one time swabbed with the target bacterial segregate at a convergance of 106 CFU/ml. In one circle, the separate natural dissolvable was added as negative control to focus conceivable inhibitory action of the dissolvable. This planning was hatched for a time of 24 h at 30oc. Antibacte

Reference

1.     G. M. Cragg and D. J. Newman, Ann NY Acad. Sci. 953, 3 (2001).  doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2001.tb11356.x

2.     D. M. Eisenberg, R. C. Kessler, C. Foster, F. E. Norlock, D. R. Calkins, and T. L. Delbanco, N. Engl. J. Med. 328, 246 (1993).  doi:10.1056/NEJM199301283280406

3.     P. K. Lai and J. Roy, Curr. Med. Chem. 11, 1451 (2004).

4.     P. J. Delaquis, K. Stanich, B. Girard, and G. Mazza, Intl. J. Food Microbiol, 74, 101 (2002).  doi:10.1016/S0168-1605(01)00734-6

5.     The wealth of India, Raw materials, IA, CSIR: New Delhi (1985) pp 55-57.

6.     Cassia alata L. Candlebush. Available at:  http://www.tropilab.com/cassia-ala.html

7.     NCCLS, in Methods for Dilution Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests for Bacteria That Grow Aerobically; Approved Standard-Fifth Edition. NCCLS document M7-A5. NCCLS (Wayne, PA, USA, 2000).

J. A. Owoyale, G. A. Olatunji, and S. O. Oguntoye, J. Appl. Sci. Environ. Mgt. 9 (3), 105 (2005). Available online:  www.bioline.org.br/ja